
Klagenfurt Airport (IATA: KLU, ICAO: LOWK/LOXK) is a small international airport in the state of Carinthia, Austria. It is located in the borough of Annabichl, only 3 km (1.9 mi) from the city centre of Klagenfurt. The airport is accessible by shuttle bus or city bus from Klagenfurt central station.
In 1905, Georg Count of Khevenhüller from Hochosterwitz Castle and in 1907 Dipl.-Ing. Josef Sablatnig (Josef Sablatnig was owner of the Fokker-Sablatnig, Deutsche Flugzeuge, Deutsche Motoren, Flugzeug Gesellschaft mbH, Berlin) were the first men in the sky over Carinthia and Klagenfurt.
In World War I and II, the airport of Klagenfurt was operated as a military airfield, and indeed Klagenfurt Airport was founded in 1914 as a military airport. The civil opening of Klagenfurt Airport on May 17, 1925, was an event for the City of Klagenfurt as well as for Carinthia.
In June 1929, the pilot hero of World War I, Julius Fedrigoni Edler von Etschthal, has the function of flight director of the airport until 1939.
After the end of the WWII, Julius Fedrigoni was returned to Annabichl, he worked with low-budget flight operations. In 1 January 1952, Korv. Kpt. Julius Fedrigoni founded the Committee city of Klagenfurt and he was flight director until 1956.
Already in the years 1926 to 1938, seven airlines operated from Klagenfurt airport. Countries like Germany, Italy, Slovenia and of course domestic flights to all major cities in Austria were connected with Klagenfurt. After 1950, the airport was connected with countries like Brazil, Israel, Venezuela, the Netherlands, Germany, the United Kingdom and others.
Alternative names for this airport are "Alpe-Adria-Airport" or "Airport Klagenfurt/Wörthersee".
Klagenfurt is located 446 meters above sea level and covers an area of 120.11 square km. It is on the lake Wörthersee and on the Glan River. The city is surrounded by several forest-covered hills and mountains with heights of up to 1,000 meters, for example, Ulrichsberg. To the south is the Karawanken mountain range, which separates Carinthia from Slovenia and Italy.
Legend has it that Klagenfurt was founded after a couple of brave men had slain the abominable dragon, a winged "Lindwurm" in the moors adjoining the lake, the staple diet of which is said to have been virgins, but which did not spurn the fat bull on a chain that the men had mounted on a strong tower. The feat is commemmorated by a grandiose 9-ton Renaissance monument in the city centre. Historically, the place was founded by the Spanheim Duke Herman as a stronghold across the commercial routes in the area. Its first mention dates from the late 12th century in a document in which Duke Ulric II. exempted St. Paul's Abbey from the toll charge "in foro Chlagenvurth"[7]. That settlement occupied an area that was subject to frequent flooding, so in 1246 Duke Herman's son, Duke Bernhard von Spanheim moved in to a safer position and is thus considered as the actual founder of the market place, which in 1252 received a city charter.
In the following centuries Klagenfurt suffered fires, earthquakes, invasions of locusts and attacks from Turks, and was ravaged by the Peasants' Wars. In 1514 a fire destroyed the city almost completely, and in 1518 Emperor Maximilian I, unable to rebuild it, despite the loud protests of the burgers ceded Klagenfurt to the Estates, the nobility of the Duchy. Never before had such a thing happened. The new owners, however, brought about an economical renaissance and a political and cultural ascent for Klagenfurt. A canal was dug to connect the city to the lake as a supply route for timber to rebuild the city and to feed the city' new moats; the great families had their town houses built in the duchy's new capital, the city was enlarged along a geometrical chequer-board lay-out according to the Renaissance ideas of the Italian architect Domenico dell'Allio; a new city centre square, the Neuer Platz, was constructed; and the new fortifications that took half a century to build made Klagenfurt the strongest fortress north of the Alps.
In 1809, however, the French troops under Napoleon destroyed the city walls, leaving, against a large sum collected by the citizens, only one eastern gate (which was pulled down for traffic reasons some decades later), and the small stretch in the west which is now all that is left of the once grand fortifications. In 1863 the railway connection to St. Veit an der Glan boosted the city's economy and so did the building of the Vienna-Trieste railway that brought the city an imposing central station (destroyed in WWII) and made Klagenfurt the absolute centre of the region. In 1938 Klagenfurt's population suddenly grew by more than 50% through the incorporation of the town of St. Ruprecht and the municipalities of St. Peter, Annabichl, and St. Martin. But during WWII, the city was bombed 41 times, the bombs killing 612 people, completely destroying 443 buildings, and damaging 1,132 others. A plaque now stands at the site where the citizens of Klagenfurt were evacuated. 110,000 cubic metres of rubble had to be removed before the citizens could be set about rebuilding their city.
In 1961, Klagenfurt became the first city in Austria to adopt a pedestrian zone. The idea of a friendly pairing of cities in other countries that had started with the very first city partnership ever - Klagenfurt and Wiesbaden, Germany, as early as 1930 - was followed up with numerous city partnerships with the result that in 1968 Klagenfurt was honoured with the title of a " European City of the Year". Three times, a European record, Klagenfurt was also awarded the prestigious Europa Nostra Diploma for the exemplary restoration and redevelopment of its ancient centre.
In 1973 Klagenfurt absorbed four more adjacent municipalities - Viktring with its grand Cistercian monastery, Wölfnitz, Hörtendorf, St. Peter am Bichl - increasing its population to about 90,000.
In 2007 the city changed its official name to "Klagenfurt am Wörthersee" (i.e., Klagenfurt on Lake Wörther). However, since there are no other settlements by the name of Klagenfurt anywhere, the previous short name remains unambiguous.